Teach you some unique skills that the master does not pass on, how to use the information on the blade box to choose the right blade

A very important piece of information on the blade box is the cutting parameter, which is also called the three cutting elements, which are composed of V_c=***m/min，f_n=***mm/r，a_p=**mm on the box. These data are theoretical data obtained by the laboratory, which can provide us with a reference value. However, the actual programming and processing generally requires speed S=**, feed f =**, and the amount of cutting, so how to convert the data on the box into the data we need?

Spindle speed

which is the spindle speed that we usually need to consider when programming, which refers to the rotational speed per minute (rpm) of the chuck and workpiece. D_m is the workpiece diameter after cutting, and V_c refers to the cutting speed range on the box. With this formula and the manufacturer’s guide line speed, we can calculate the theoretical speed.

The higher the speed of the machine tool, the higher the cutting efficiency, and the efficiency is the profit. Therefore, it is necessary to fully consider the working conditions and line speed, and increase the speed as much as possible for cutting.

In addition, the choice of speed should be determined according to the cutting tools of different materials. For example, when processing steel parts with high-speed steel, the roughness is better when the speed is low, while the roughness is better when the speed is high for cemented carbide tools. Furthermore, when processing slender shafts or thin-walled parts, attention should be paid to adjusting the speed to avoid the resonance area of the part, so as to prevent vibration lines from affecting the surface roughness.

Cutting speed Vc

V_c is the cutting speed, which is defined as the product of diameter, π and the spindle speed, and refers to the surface speed at which the tool moves along the workpiece. Therefore, it can be seen from the formula that when the diameter of the workpiece is different, the cutting speed is also different. The larger the diameter, the higher the cutting speed.

Generally speaking, without considering tool wear, the cutting speed can be increased appropriately, which can improve production efficiency and help improve the surface quality of the workpiece.

But cutting speed is the single most important factor affecting tool wear. If the cutting speed is too high, it will lead to poor surface quality of parts due to flank wear, accelerated crater wear, low production efficiency and so on.

Therefore, after considering that the cutting speed is the most important single factor affecting the surface of the workpiece, how to determine the optimal cutting speed can usually be described by the following picture.

Feed speed f_n

f_n is the feed rate, which refers to the displacement per revolution of the tool relative to the rotating workpiece. The feed will affect the shape of the iron filings, resulting in chip breaking, entanglement, etc.

In terms of affecting tool life, if the feed rate is too small, the tool life of the flank wear will be greatly reduced. The feed rate is too large, the cutting temperature rises, and the flank wear also increases, but the impact on tool life is smaller than that of cutting speed.

Depth of cut a_p

a_p is the depth of cut, which is what we often say, the amount of cutting, which refers to the difference between the unprocessed surface and the processed surface.

If the cutting depth is too small, it will cause scratches, cut the surface hardened layer of the workpiece, and shorten the tool life. When the surface of the workpiece has a hardened layer (that is, black skin on the surface), the cutting depth should be selected as large as possible within the allowable range of the power of the machine tool, so as to avoid the tip of the tool cutting only the surface hardened layer of the workpiece, resulting in abnormal wear or even damage to the tip of the tool.

In addition, the YBG205 on the blade box refers to the tool grade. The workpiece materials corresponding to the tool grades of each company are different. Therefore, if you want to determine the tool grade suitable for your workpiece material, you need to consult the corresponding company’s sample brochure, and I will not introduce it in detail here.